List of investigational substance-related disorder drugs

This is a list of investigational substance-related disorder drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use for the treatment of substance-related disorders but are not yet approved. Substance-related disorders include substance use disorders like alcoholism (alcohol use disorder), amphetamine use disorder, cocaine use disorder, nicotine use disorder, and opioid use disorder, among others. In addition, they include substance withdrawal syndromes like alcohol withdrawal and opioid withdrawal as well as substance overdoses like opioid overdose.

Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses. The format of list items is "Name (Synonyms) – Mechanism of Action – Indication [Reference]".

This list was last comprehensively updated in January 2026. It is likely to become outdated with time.

Under development

Phase 3

  • Brenipatide (LY-3537031) – glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist – alcoholism [1]
  • Ketamine (AWKN-001; AWKN-P-001) – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist and dissociative hallucinogen – alcoholism [2]
  • Naloxone intranasal (FMXIN-001; NS-001; naloxone microspheres powder nasal spray) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [3]
  • Ondansetron (AD-04) – serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist – alcoholism [4]
  • Zolpidem (ALM-006; ALM006) – GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator/nonbenzodiazepine – substance-related disorders [5][6]

Phase 2/3

  • Metyrapone/oxazepam (EMB-001C; EMB-001) – combination of metyrapone (11β-hydroxylase inhibitor and cortisol synthesis inhibitor) and oxazepam (benzodiazepine/GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator) – smoking withdrawal [7]
  • NFL-101 (tobacco leaf extract) – immunomodulator (smoking vaccine) – smoking withdrawal [8][9][10]

Phase 2

  • AEF-0117 – cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [11]
  • ASP-8062 – GABAB receptor positive allosteric modulator – alcoholism [12]
  • BP-1.3656B (BP-1.3656; BP1.3656B; BP13656) – histamine H3 receptor antagonist – alcoholism [13]
  • BP-1.4979 (BP-1.4979; BP-14979; BP14979) – dopamine D3 receptor partial agonist – smoking withdrawal [14]
  • Brenipatide (LY-3537031) – glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [15]
  • Buprenorphine sublingual ethanol-free (CHF-6563; CHF6563) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, nociceptin receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [16][17]
  • Buprenorphine/naloxone (naloxone/buprenorphine) – combination of buprenorphine (non-selective opioid receptor modulator) and naloxone (orally/sublingually inactive opioid receptor antagonist) – opioid-related disorders [18]
  • Bupropion/dextromethorphan (bupropion/DXM; Auvelity; AXS-05) – combination of bupropion (norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, CYP2D6 inhibitor) and dextromethorphan (DXM) (NMDA receptor antagonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sigma receptor agonist, other actions) – smoking withdrawal [19]
  • Bupropion/naltrexone (Contrave; CX-101; Mysimba; naltrexone/bupropion; NB32) – combination of bupropion (norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist) and naltrexone (opioid receptor antagonist) – smoking withdrawal [20]
  • C4X-3256 (INDV-2000) – orexin OX1 receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [21]
  • Cannabidiol (CBD; A-1002-N5S; Nantheia) – cannabinoid/various actions – opioid-related disorders, smoking withdrawal [22]
  • Cannabidiol (CBD; Epidiolex; Epidyolex; Epidiolexa; GW-42003; GWP-42003; GWP-42003-P; JZP-926) – cannabinoid/various actions – heroin-related disorders, opioid-related disorders [23]
  • Centanafadine (CTN-SR; EB-1020) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) – smoking withdrawal [24]
  • Cocaine esterase (RBP-8000; TNX-1300) – enzyme replacement – cocaine-related disorders [25]
  • Cyproheptadine/prazosin (KT-110; Periactine/Alpress) – combination of cyproheptadine (various actions) and prazosin (α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist) – alcoholism [26]
  • Devextinetug (anti-methamphetamine chimeric monoclonal antibody; Ch-mAb7F9; IXT-m200; METH-mAb) – immunomodulator (monocloncal antibody against methamphetamine) – substance-related disorders [27]
  • F-652 (IL-22 IgG2 Fusion Protein; IL-22 IgG2-Fc; rhIL-22 dimer) – interleukin, immunoglobulin Fc fragment, recombinant fusion protein, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotectant – alcoholism and alcoholic hepatitis [28]
  • Ibudilast (AV-411; Eyevinal; Ibinal; KC-404; Ketas; MN-166; Pinatos) – phosphodiesterase PDE4 inhibitor, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders, substance-related disorders [29]
  • Liraglutide (LATIN-T1D; NN-2211; NN-9211; NN-8022; NNC-90-1170; Saxenda; Victoza) – glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [30]
  • Mavoglurant (AFQ-056; STP-7) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist – alcoholism [31]
  • Mazdutide (IBI-362; LY-3305677; OXM-3) – glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, glucagon receptor agonist – alcoholism [32]
  • Mebufotenin benzoate (5-MeO-DMT; BPL-002; BPL-003) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor agonist, serotonergic psychedelic – alcoholism [33]
  • Metyrapone/oxazepam (EMB-001C; EMB-001) – combination of metyrapone (11β-hydroxylase inhibitor and cortisol synthesis inhibitor) and oxazepam (benzodiazepine/GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator) – cocaine-related disorders [34]
  • Midomafetamine (MDMA) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist, entactogen – alcoholism [35]
  • Mifepristone (C-1073; Corlux; Corluxin; Korlym; Mifegyne; Mifeprex; RU-38486; RU-486) – glucocorticoid, progesterone, and androgen receptor antagonist – alcoholism [36]
  • Miricorilant (CORT-118335) – glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist – alcoholism [37]
  • Nadolol (INV-102; INV102) – non-selective beta blocker (β1- and β2 adrenergic receptor agonist) – smoking withdrawal [38]
  • Neboglamine (nebostinel; CR-2249; XY-2401) – ionotropic glutamate glycine-gated NMDA receptor agonist – cocaine-related disorders [39]
  • NNC0194-0499 (NN-9500; NN-9499; NNC-0194-0499) – fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor agonist – substance-related disorders [40]
  • NS-2359 (GSK-372475) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) – cocaine-related disorders [41]
  • OMS-405 (OMS405) – PPARγ agonist – opioid-related disorders, smoking withdrawal [42]
  • Pemvidutide (ALT-801- Altimmune; SP-1373; VPD-107) – glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, glucagon receptor agonist – alcoholism [43]
  • Psilocybin (SYNP-101; synthetic psilocybin) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – alcoholism [44]
  • Selonabant (ANEB-001; V-24343) – cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [45]
  • Sunobinop (IMB-115; IT-1315; RSC117957; S-117957; V-117957) – nociceptin receptor agonist – alcoholism [46]
  • TA-CD (TA-CD; TA-CD09) – immunostimulant (cocaine vaccine) – cocaine-related disorders [47]
  • TMP-301 (Heptares 25; HTL-0014242; HTL14242) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist – alcoholism [48]
  • Zolunicant (18-methoxycoronaridine; 18-MC; MM-110) – α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [49]

Phase 1/2

  • Dexmedetomidine (BXCL-501; Igalmi; KalmPen) – α2-adrenergic receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [50]
  • Ibogaine (DMX-1002; IBX-210) – various actions/unknown mechanism of action and oneirogen/hallucinogen – opioid-related disorders [51]
  • 5-Methoxy-2-aminoindane (MEAI; 5-MeO-AI; CMND-100) – serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent – alcoholism [52]
  • PT-00114 (PT100114; TCAP-1) – corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) inhibitor – opioid-related disorders [53]

Phase 1

  • AZD-4041 – orexin OX1 receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [54]
  • BI-1356225 – ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor – opioid-related disorders [55]
  • C4X-3256 (INDV-2000) – orexin OX1 receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [56]
  • Cebranopadol (GRT-6005; PRK-101; TRN-228) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, nociceptin receptor agonist – substance-related disorders [57]
  • Dimethyltryptamine/harmine (DMT/harmine; RE-01) – combination of dimethyltryptamine (DMT) (serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist and serotonergic psychedelic) and harmine (monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) and other actions) – cocaine-related disorders [58]
  • DPI-125 (MCP-201) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [59]
  • Ibuprofen/ketotifen (SJP-005) – combination of ibuprofen (cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor/NSAID) and ketotifen (histamine H1 receptor antagonist, other actions) – opioid-related disorders [60]
  • Icalcaprant (ABBV-1354; CVL-354) – κ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [61]
  • KNX-100 (SOC-1) – oxytocin-like drug / indirect oxytocin receptor modulator – opioid-related disorders, substance-related disorders [62][63][64]
  • Mavoglurant (AFQ-056; STP-7) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist – cocaine-related disorders [65]
  • MEB-1170 – μ-opioid receptor biased agonist – opioid-related disorders [66]
  • Mebufotenin (5-MeO-DMT) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – substance use disorders [67]
  • MST-01 – undefined mechanism of action – smoking withdrawal [68]
  • Nalmefene (AV-104; TH-104) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid-related disorders [69]
  • Naltrexone implantable pellets (BICX-102, BICX-104) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders, substance-related disorders [70]
  • Noribogaine (DMX-1001) – various actions – alcoholism [67]
  • NRS-033 (nalmefene prodrug) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid-related disorders [71]
  • OMS-527 (OMS-182399; OMS527) – phosphodiesterase PDE7 inhibitor – cocaine-related disorders [72]
  • Psilocybin (MLS-101/MLS101) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, serotonergic psychedelic – opioid-related disorders [73][67]
  • Smoking cessation therapeutics - Astraea Therapeutics – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists – smoking withdrawal [74]
  • SXC-2023 – cystine/glutamate transporter (SLC7A11) – cocaine-related disorders [75]
  • Tezampanel (LY-293558; NGX-424; PRN-001-01) – ionotropic glutamate AMPA and kainate receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [76]
  • TMP-301 (Heptares 25; HTL-0014242; HTL14242) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist – cocaine-related disorders, substance-related disorders [77]

Preclinical

  • AM-510 – undefined mechanism of action – opioid-related disorders [78]
  • ATI-1013 – monoclonal antibody against nicotine – smoking withdrawal [79]
  • CTRX-1001 – immunostimulant – opioid-related disorders [80]
  • CTRX-2001 – immunostimulant – opioid-related disorders [81]
  • Cyclobenzaprine (KRL-102; TNX-102; Tonmya; VLD-cyclobenzaprine) – tricyclic antidepressant (various actions) – alcoholism [82]
  • Cyproheptadine/prazosin (KT-110; Periactine/Alpress) – combination of cyproheptadine (various actions) and prazosin (α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist) – cocaine-related disorders [83]
  • Dimethyltryptamine (DMT; EBRX-101) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – alcoholism [84]
  • EQL-101 – undefined mechanism of action (non-hallucinogenic non-cardiotoxic ibogaine derivative) – substance use disorders [67][85]
  • Flumazenil/naloxone transdermal patch (MX-1607; RescuePatch) – combination of flumazenil (GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator/benzodiazepine antagonist) and naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist) – substance-related disorders [86]
  • GM-3009 – κ-opioid receptor agonist (noribogaine analogue) – opioid-related disorders [87]
  • INDV-1000 (GABAB PAM) – GABAB receptor positive allosteric modulator – substance-related disorders [88]
  • LPH-48 – undefined mechanism of action and serotonergic psychedelic ((shorter-acting LPH-5 analogue) – alcoholism [89][90][91][67]
  • M-101 – GABA receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [92]
  • 5-Methoxy-2-aminoindane (MEAI; 5-MeO-AI; CMND-100) – serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent – cocaine-related disorders [93]
  • Metyrapone/oxazepam (EMB-001C; EMB-001) – combination of metyrapone (11β-hydroxylase inhibitor and cortisol synthesis inhibitor) and oxazepam (benzodiazepine/GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator) – substance-related disorders [94]
  • Midomafetamine microneedle transdermal patch (MDMA; ecstasy) – serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine releasing agent, weak serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist, entactogen – substance-related disorders [95]
  • Naltrexone controlled-release (BICX101, BICX-101) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [96]
  • Nicotine degrading enzyme (ATI-3009; NicA2; NicA2-J1) – enzyme – smoking withdrawal [97]
  • PPL-138 (BU10038, BU-10038) – nociceptin receptor agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, opioid peptide agonist – alcoholism, cocaine-related disorders [98]
  • PSIL-001 (DMT analogue) – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT1 receptor modulator – substance-related disorders [99][100]
  • PSIL-002 (DMT analogue) – non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT1 receptor modulator – substance-related disorders [101][100][102]
  • Psilacetin (O-acetylpsilocin; 4-AcO-DMT) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, serotonergic psychedelic – substance-related disorders [103]
  • Pudafensine (IP-2015; IP-2017; IPNP-2015; IPTN-2021) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor – substance-related disorders [104]
  • Research programme: psychedelic-based neurological therapeutics - Psilera – undefined mechanism of action and serotonergic psychedelics – alcoholism [105]
  • Research programme: psychoplastogen therapeutics - Collaborations Pharmaceuticals – undefined mechanism of action – opioid-related disorders [106]
  • SXC-2023 – cystine–glutamate antiporter (SLC7A11; System xc- or Sxc) activator – cocaine-related disorders, smoking withdrawal [15] [16]
  • TACT411 – serotonin 5-HT1B receptor modulator and monoamine transporter modulator – alcoholism [67][107]
  • TACT523 – undefined mechanism of action – alcoholism [107]
  • TACT833 – serotonin 5-HT1B receptor modulator and monoamine transporter modulator – alcoholism [67][107]
  • VS-01 (VS-01-HAC) – ammonia scavenger – substance-related disorders [108]

Research

  • AM-1006 – undefined mechanism of action (short-acting subperceptual psychoactive drug) – substance use disorders [67][109]
  • EQL-101 – undefined mechanism of action (non-hallucinogenic non-cardiotoxic ibogaine derivative) – substance use disorders – Equulus Therapeutics [67][110]
  • Ibogaine – various actions, oneirogen/hallucinogen – substance-related disorders [111]
  • Mebufotenin (5-MeO-DMT; LSR-2000) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor agonist, serotonergic psychedelic – alcoholism [112]
  • MYCO-004 (patch-delivered tryptamine compound) – undefined mechanism of action, serotonergic psychedelic – smoking withdrawal, substance-related disorders [113][114][115]
  • Research programme: Ibogaine derivatives - MindMed/Nextage Therapeutics – various actions – opioid-related disorders [116]
  • Research programme: monoclonal antibody therapeutics - CounterX Therapeutics – undefined mechanism of action – opioid-related disorders [117]
  • Research programme: psychedelic and empathogenic compounds subcutaneous - Bexson Biomedical – undefined mechanism of action – substance-related disorders [118]
  • Substance-related disorders therapeutics - Tessara Therapeutics/Xylo Bio/University of Sydney – neuronal plasticity modulators – substance-related disorders [119]
  • VVZ-2471 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [120]

Clinical phase unknown

  • Nicotine orally-dissolving film (NAL-2762) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [121]

Phase unknown

  • AP-002 (AP002) – undefined mechanism of action – opioid-related disorders [122]
  • AP-005 (AP005) – undefined mechanism of action – opioid-related disorders [123]
  • Varenicline implant (SK-2109) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withrawal [124]

Not under development

No development reported

  • AD-6626 – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism [125]
  • AM-6527 (AM6527) – cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [126]
  • Amitifadine (DOV-21947; EB-1010) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders, smoking withdrawal, substance-related disorders [127]
  • Arbaclofen extended release – GABAB receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [128]
  • BMB-101 – serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [129]
  • Bupropion/mecamylamine (INT-0003; QuitPak) – combination of bupropion (norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator) and mecamylamine (non-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist) – smoking withdrawal [130]
  • Cannabidiol (CBD; cannabidiol transderma/topical gel/patch; Zygel; ZYN-002) – cannabinoid/various actions – alcoholism, substance-related disorders [131]
  • CM-1212 – undefined mechanism of action – alcoholism, substance-related disorders [132]
  • CPP-115 – GABA transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitor – substance-related disorders [133]
  • CT-044 analogues - CERSCI Therapeutics – reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitors (CT-044 analogues) – opioid-related disorders [134]
  • CX-717 (CX717) – AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator (ampakine) – substance-related disorders [135]
  • Cyproheptadine/prazosin (KT-110; Periactine/Alpress) – combination of cyproheptadine (various actions) and prazosin (α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist) – substance-related disorders [136]
  • DCR-AUD (DCR-A1203; NN-6020) – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor, RNA interference – alcoholism [137]
  • Dimethyltryptamine (DMT; EBRX-101) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – smoking withdrawal [138]
  • GLWL-01 – ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor – alcoholism [139]
  • GSK-598809 (GSK598809) – dopamine D3 receptor antagonist – smoking withdrawal, substance-related disorders [140]
  • GSK-1521498 – μ-opioid receptor inverse agonist – cocaine-related disorders [141]
  • GTS-21 (DMXB-A; DMBX-anabaseine) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [142]
  • Icalcaprant (ABBV-1354; CVL-354) – κ-opioid receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [143]
  • Levodopa (CVT-301; CXG-89; Inbrija) – dopamine precursor (non-selective dopamine receptor agonist) – smoking withdrawal [144]
  • Mazindol controlled release (NLS-0; NLS-1; NLS-10; NLS-13; NLS-2; Nolazol; Quilience) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) – opioid-related disorders [145]
  • Midomafetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist, and entactogen – substance-related disorders [146]
  • Mifepristone (C-1073; Corlux; Corluxin; Korlym; Mifegyne; Mifeprex; RU-38486; RU-486) – glucocorticoid, progesterone, and androgen receptor antagonist – smoking withdrawal [147]
  • Modafinil oral (ASB) – atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) – cocaine-related disorders [148]
  • Naloxone nasal spray (-12; LT-20; LT-21; LT-22; Naloxon B; Narcan Nasal Spray; OPNT-001) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – cocaine-related disorders, substance-related disorders [149]
  • Nalmefene implant (nalmefene six-month implant) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid-related disorders [150]
  • Naloxone buccal/intransal gel (Exonal) – opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [151]
  • Nicotine abuse vaccine (Niccine) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [152]
  • Nicotine/cannabidiol chewing gum (nicotine/CBD; CVSI-007) – combination of nicotine (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist) and cannabidiol (CBD) (cannabinoid/various actions) – smoking withdrawal [153]
  • Noribogaine derived therapeutic – various actions (noribogaine derivative) – opioid-related disorders [154]
  • OMS-405 (OMS405) – PPARγ agonist – alcoholism [155]
  • Ondansetron (AD-04) – serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders, smoking withdrawal [156]
  • Ondansetron/topiramate (AD-01; AD/TO-01) – combination of ondansetron (serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) and topiramate (various actions) – alcoholism [157]
  • Ondelopran (LY-2196044; Odelepan; Odelepran; OpRA) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism [158]
  • PF-5402536 (NIC7-001; PF-5402536) – immunostimulant (smoking vaccine) – smoking withdrawal [159]
  • Pomaglumetad methionil (DB103; LY-2140023; LY-2812223; LY-404039 prodrug) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptor receptor agonist (pomaglumetad prodrug) – substance-related disorders [160]
  • PPL-103 – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor agonist – substance-related disorders [161]
  • Pregnenolone methyl ether (3β-methoxypregnenolone; MAP-4343) – microtubule-associated protein (MAP) stimulant and tubulin polymerization promoter – substance-related disorders [162]
  • Psilocybin (MYCO-001; MYCO-003) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – substance-related disorders [163]
  • PT-150 (PT150; ORG-34517; SCH-900636) – androgen and glucocorticoid receptor antagonist – alcoholism [164]
  • Research programme: alcoholism therapeutics - ADial Pharmaceuticals – various actions – alcoholism [165]
  • Research programme: allosteric modulators - Addex Therapeutics – various actions – substance-related disorders [166]
  • Research programme: GPCR modulators - Nxera Pharma – various actions – cocaine-related disorders, substance-related disorders [167]
  • Research programme: nociceptin receptor agonists - Astraea Therapeutics – nociceptin receptor agonist, opioid receptor agonist – alcoholism, substance-related disorders [168]
  • Research programme: smoking cessation therapies - Ophidion – smoking withdrawal – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists [169]
  • Research programme: tryptamine based therapeutics - PsyBio Therapeutics – serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists – substance-related disorders [170]
  • Saracatinib (AZD-0530) – Src-family kinase inhibitor – alcoholism [171]
  • SBP-9330 – metabotropic glutamate mGlu2 receptor modulator – smoking withdrawal [172]
  • SEL-068 (tSVP; immunomodulatory nanoparticle vaccine for smoking cessation) – immunomodulator (smoking vaccine) – smoking withdrawal [173]
  • Serdexmethylphenidate (KP-484; KP-1077; KP-1077H; KP-1077IH; KP-1077N; KP-879) – norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) (dexmethylphenidate prodrug) – substance-related disorders [174]
  • TRV-734 (TRV734) – μ-opioid receptor biased agonist – opioid-related disorders [175]
  • VDM-001 – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [176]
  • Zolunicant (18-methoxycoronaridine; 18-MC; MM-110) – α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [177]

Suspended

  • Dexmedetomidine (BXCL-501; Igalmi; KalmPen) – α2-adrenergic receptor agonist – alcoholism [178]
  • Tetrodotoxin (9401-TTX; Halneuron; Tectin; Tetrodin; Tocudin) – voltage-gated sodium channel blocker [179]

Discontinued

  • ABT-436 – vasopressin V1b receptor antagonist – alcoholism [180]
  • Adrogolide (ABT-431; DAS-431) – dopamine D1 receptor agonist – cocaine-related disorders [181]
  • ADX-629 – aldehyde inhibitor / reactive aldehyde species (RASP) inhibitor – alcoholism, alcoholic hepatitis [182]
  • ADX-10061 (CEE-310; CEE-03-310; NNC-010687; NNC-687) – dopamine D1 receptor antagonist – smoking withdrawal, substance-related disorders [183]
  • ADX-71441 – GABAB receptor positive allosteric modulator – alcoholism, cocaine-related disorders, substance-related disorders [184]
  • Anatabine (RCP-006) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [185]
  • ANS-6637 (GS-6637; GS-6673) – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders, smoking withdrawal, substance-related disorders [186]
  • Arbaclofen placarbil (R-baclofen placarbil; XP-19986) – GABAB receptor agonist – alcoholism [187]
  • ASP-8062 – GABAB receptor modulator – opioid-related disorders [188]
  • Aticaprant (AVTX-501; CERC-501; JNJ-3964; JNJ-67953964; JNJ-67953964-AAA; LY-2456302) – κ-opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, cocaine-related disorders, smoking withdrawal [189]
  • Azasetron (nazasetron; Serotone; Y-25130) – serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist – cocaine-related disorders [190]
  • AZD-4041 – orexin OX1 receptor antagonist – smoking withdrawal [191]
  • Baclofen/samidorphan (ALKS-29; ALKS-33/baclofen; baclofen/ALKS-33) – combination of baclofen (GABAB receptor agonist) and samidorphan (μ-opioid receptor antagonist) – alcoholism [192]
  • Befloxatone (MD-370503) – monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor – smoking withdrawal [193]
  • BP-897 – dopamine D3 receptor agonist – cocaine-related disorders [194]
  • BR-9003 (BR-9003A) – undefined mechanism of action – smoking withdrawal [195]
  • BTRX-246040 (LY-2940094) – nociceptin receptor agonist – alcoholism [196]
  • Buprenorphine/naloxone (NanoBUP; NTC-0510; NTC-510) – combination of buprenorphine (non-selective opioid receptor modulator) and naloxone (orally/sublingually inactive opioid receptor antagonist) – opioid-related disorders [197]
  • Buprenorphine/samidorphan (ALKS 33-BUP; ALKS 33/buprenorphine; ALKS-5461; BUP-ALKS 33; buprenorphine/ALKS-33; buprenorphine/RDC 0313; RDC 0313/buprenorphine; samidorphan/buprenorphine) – combination of buprenorphine (non-selective opioid receptor modulator) and samidorphan (μ-opioid receptor antagonist) – cocaine-related disorders [198]
  • Cannabidiol (CBD; synthetic cannabidiol; RAD-011) – cannabinoid/various actions – substance-related disorders [199]
  • CVL-936 – dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [200]
  • CX-1739 – AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator (ampakine) – substance-related disorders [201]
  • CYB-003 (HLP-003; CYB003; deuterated psilocin) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – alcoholism [202]
  • CYB-004 (HLP-004; CYB004; deuterated dimethyltryptamine; dDMT) – non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and serotonergic psychedelic – substance-related disorders [203]
  • Dianicline (SSR-591813) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [204]
  • Drinabant (AVE-1625; INDV-5004; OPNT-004) – cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist – substance-related disorders [205]
  • Ecopipam (EBS-101; PSYRX-101; SCH-39166) – dopamine D1 receptor antagonist – cocaine-related disorders [206]
  • Eglumetad (eglumegad; LY-354740) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [207]
  • Elinzanetant (BAY-3427080; GSK-1144814A; GSK-1144814; Lynkuet; NT-814) – neurokinin NK1 and NK3 receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [208]
  • Femoxetine (femoxitine; FG-4963; Malexil; NNC-204963) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) – alcoholism [209]
  • Gabapentin enacarbil (ASP8825; Gabapentin-XP; GSK-1838262; Horizant; Regnite; Solzira; XP13512) – gabapentinoid (α2δ subunit-containing voltage-gated calcium channel blocker) – alcoholism [210]
  • Gepirone (Ariza; BMY-13805; Exxua; MJ-13805; Org-33062; TGFK07AD; Travivo; Variza) – serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonist – cocaine-related disorders [211]
  • Istradefylline (KW-6002; Nourianz; Nouriast) – adenosine A2 receptor antagonist [212]
  • ITI-333 – serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, α1A-adrenergic receptor antagonist, μ-opioid receptor partial agonist – substance-related disorders [213]
  • JNJ-39393406 – α7 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor positive allosteric modulator – smoking withdrawal [214]
  • JZP-150 – fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor – alcoholism [215]
  • Lisdexamfetamine (LDX; Elvanse; NRP-104; S-877489; SHP-489; SPD-489; Tyvense; Venvanse; Vyvanse) – norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (NDRA) – cocaine-related disorders [216]
  • Lorcaserin (APD-356; Belviq; E2023; Venespri) – serotonin 5-HT2C receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [217]
  • Manifaxine (BW-1555U88; GW-320659) – norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) – smoking withdrawal [218]
  • Mavoglurant (AFQ-056; STP-7) – metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist – smoking withdrawal [219]
  • Nalmefene (CPH-101; JF-1; Lu AA36143; Nalmetrene; NIH-10365; ORF-11676; Selincro; Soberal) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – smoking withdrawal [220]
  • Nepicastat oral (APL-1401; SYN-117) – dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor – cocaine-related disorders [221]
  • Neramexane (KRP-209; MRZ-2/579) – NMDA receptor antagonist, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist – alcoholism [222]
  • NIC-002 (NIC002; CYT002-NicQβ; Nicotine-Qβ) – immunostimulant (nicotine vaccine) – smoking withdrawal [223]
  • NicVAX – immunostimulant (nicotine vaccine) – smoking withdrawal[224][225]
  • Nornicotine – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [226]
  • NS-2359 (GSK-372475) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) – alcoholism [227]
  • NYX-783 – ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor modulator – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [228]
  • OREX-1019 – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, nociceptin receptor agonist – cocaine-related disorders [229]
  • OREX-1038 – μ-opioid receptor agonist – cocaine-related disorders, opioid-related disorders [230]
  • Oxytocin intranasal (Syntocinon Nasal Spray; TUR-001) – oxytocin receptor agonist – alcoholism [231]
  • Quetiapine (FK-949; FK949E; ICI-204636; Seroquel) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) – alcoholism [232]
  • Rimonabant (Acomplia; SR-141716; SR-141716A; Zimulti) – cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist – smoking withdrawal [233]
  • Risperidone (JNJ-410397-AAA; R-64766; R064766; Risperdal; Risperdal Consta; Risperdal Depot) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) – substance-related disorders [234]
  • RTI-113 – dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) (cocaine analogue) – cocaine-related disorders [235]
  • Samidorphan (ALKS-33; RDC-0313; RDC-0313-00) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, substance-related disorders [236]
  • Sembragiline (EVT-302; RG-1577; RO-4602522) – monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor – smoking withdrawal [237]
  • Serlopitant (JTS-661; MK-0594; VPD-737) – neurokinin NK1 receptor antagonist – alcoholism [238]
  • Surinabant (SR-147778; SR147778) – cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist – alcoholism, smoking withdrawal [239]
  • TA-NIC – immunostimulant (nicotine vaccine) – smoking withdrawal [240]
  • Tradipitant (LY-686017; Nereus; VLY-686) – neurokinin NK1 receptor antagonist – alcoholism [241]
  • Verucerfont (GSK-561679; NBI-77860) – corticotropin-releasing factor 1 (CRF1) receptor antagonist [242]
  • Vigabatrin (γ-vinyl-GABA; gamma-vinyl-GABA; GVG; M071754; MDL-71754; RMI-71754; Sabril; Sabrilex) – GABA transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitor – cocaine-related disorders, substance-related disorders [243]
  • 5-Chloro-AMT (PAL-542) – serotonin–dopamine releasing agent (SDRA), serotonin receptor agonist, and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor[244]
  • 5-Fluoro-AMT (PAL-212; PAL-544) – serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), serotonin receptor agonist, and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor[244]
  • Methocinnamox (MCAM) – long-lasting irreversible μ-opioid receptor antagonist [245][246]
  • Methoclocinnamox (MCCAM; NIH-10420) – long-lasting irreversible μ-opioid receptor partial agonist [247]
  • Oxa-noribogaine – atypical κ-opioid receptor agonist (noribogaine analogue)[248][249]
  • SR-17018 (SR17018; SR-17; SR17; SR) – μ-opioid receptor biased agonist[250][251][252]

Clinically used drugs

Approved drugs

Opioid receptor modulators

  • Buprenorphine depot (Brixadi; Buvidal; CAM-2038; CAM-2048) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, and nociceptin receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [253]
  • Buprenorphine extended-release (Atrigel buprenorphine; BUP-XR-Indivior; depot buprenorphine; RBP-6000; Sublocade; Subutex prolonged release) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, and nociceptin receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [254]
  • Buprenorphine/naloxone sublingual (naloxone/buprenorphine; Sai Bo Song; SCH-000484; Suboxone) – combination of buprenorphine (non-selective opioid receptor modulator) and naloxone (orally/sublingually inactive opioid receptor antagonist) – opioid-related disorders [255]
  • Methadone (Zoryon) – μ-opioid receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [256]
  • Nalmefene (Revex) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid overdose, alcoholism
  • Nalmefene (CPH-101; JF-1; Lu AA36143; nalmetrene; NIH-10365; ORF-11676; Selincro; Soberal) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – alcoholism [257]
  • Nalmefene nasal spray (intranasal nalmefene; Indivior; OPNT-003; Opvee) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid-related disorders [258]
  • Nalorphine (Lethidrone, Nalline) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor agonist – opioid overdose
  • Naloxone injection (Evzio; naloxone auto injector) – opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [259]
  • Naloxone intranasal spray (Rezenopy) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [260]
  • Naloxone intranasal spray (Kloxxado; naloxone nasal spray) μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [261]
  • Naloxone multidose nasal spray (AP-003; Narcan) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [262]
  • Naloxone nasal spray (-12; LT-20; LT-21; LT-22; Naloxon B; Narcan Nasal Spray; OPNT-001) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [263]
  • Naltrexone controlled-release (Vivitrex; Vivitrol; XL-NTX; XR-NTX; ALKS-6428) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [264]
  • Naltrexone oral (Nalorex; Nemexin; Revia) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [265]
  • Other opioids (opioid agonist therapy) (e.g., dihydrocodeinone, extended-release morphine) – μ-opioid receptor agonists – opioid use disorder
  • Tianeptine (Coaxil; Stablon; Tatinol) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, other actions – alcoholism [266]

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators

  • Bupropion (amfebutamone; Aplenzin; BVF-033; Elontril; Quomem; Wellbutrin; Zyban) – norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator – smoking withdrawal [267]
  • Cytisinicline (cytisine; Desmoxan; Tabex) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [268]
  • Varenicline (Champix; Chantix; CP-526,555; CP-526555-18) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [269]

Other drugs

  • Acamprosate (Alcomed; Aotal; calcium acetylhomotaurinate; Campral; Campral EC; NS-11; Regtect; Sobriol; Zulex) – various actions – alcoholism [270]
  • Baclofen (Baclocur) – GABAB receptor agonist – alcoholism [271]
  • Calcium carbimide (Temposil) – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism
  • Cyanamide – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism
  • Disulfiram (Antabuse, Antabus) – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism
  • Flumazenil (flumazepil; Anexate) – GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator/benzodiazepine antidote – benzodiazepine overdose
  • Lofexidine (BA-168; BritLofex; Lucemyra; MDL-14042; MDL-14042A; RMI-14042A) – α2-adrenergic receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [272]
  • Sodium oxybate (Alcover; SMO immediate release formulation) – GABAB and GHB receptor agonist – alcoholism [273]

Off-label drugs

See also

References

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  33. ^ Mebufotenin benzoate- Atai Beckley - AdisInsight
  34. ^ Metyrapone/oxazepam - Embera - AdisInsight
  35. ^ Methylenedioxymetamfetamine - MAPS Europe B.V. - AdisInsight
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  37. ^ Miricorilant - Corcept Therapeutics - AdisInsight
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  42. ^ OMS 405 - AdisInsight
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  49. ^ Zolunicant - Mindmed - AdisInsight
  50. ^ Dexmedetomidine - BioXcel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  51. ^ Ibogaine - Atai Beckley/DemeRx - AdisInsight
  52. ^ 5-Methoxy 2-aminoindane - Clearmind Medicine - AdisInsight
  53. ^ PT 00114 - AdisInsight
  54. ^ AZD 4041 - AdisInsight
  55. ^ BI 1356225 - AdisInsight
  56. ^ C4X 3256 - AdisInsight
  57. ^ Cebranopadol - Tris Pharma - AdisInsight
  58. ^ Dimethyltryptamin/harmine - Reconnect Labs - AdisInsight
  59. ^ DPI 125 - AdisInsight
  60. ^ Ibuprofen/ketotifen - Sen-Jam Pharmaceutical - AdisInsight
  61. ^ Icalcaprant - Cerevel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  62. ^ KNX 100 - AdisInsight
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  66. ^ MEB 1170 - AdisInsight
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  69. ^ Nalmefene - Avior Bio - AdisInsight
  70. ^ Naltrexone implantable pellets - BioCorRx - AdisInsight
  71. ^ NRS 033 - AdisInsight
  72. ^ OMS 527 - AdisInsight
  73. ^ Psilocybin - MycoMedia Life Sciences - AdisInsight
  74. ^ Smoking cessation therapeutics - Astraea Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  75. ^ SXC 2023 - AdisInsight
  76. ^ Tezampanel - Proniras - AdisInsight
  77. ^ TMP 301 - AdisInsight
  78. ^ AM 510 - Aion Medicines - AdisInsight
  79. ^ ATI 1013 - AdisInsight
  80. ^ CTRX 1001 - AdisInsight
  81. ^ CTRX 2001 - AdisInsight
  82. ^ Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride - Tonix Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  83. ^ Cyproheptadine/Prazosin - Kinnov Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  84. ^ N N dimethyltryptamine - Entheon Biomedical - AdisInsight
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  86. ^ Flumazenil + naloxone transdermal patch - MESOX - AdisInsight
  87. ^ GM 3009 - AdisInsight
  88. ^ INDV 1000 - AdisInsight
  89. ^ LPH 48 - AdisInsight
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  93. ^ 5-Methoxy 2-aminoindane - Clearmind Medicine - AdisInsight
  94. ^ Metyrapone/oxazepam - Embera - AdisInsight
  95. ^ 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine microneedle patch - PharmaTher/Revive Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  96. ^ Naltrexone controlled-release - BioCorRx - AdisInsight
  97. ^ Nicotine degrading enzyme - Antidote Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  98. ^ PPL 138 - AdisInsight
  99. ^ PSIL 001 - AdisInsight
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  106. ^ Research programme: psychoplastogen therapeutics - Collaborations Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
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  112. ^ LSR 2000 - AdisInsight
  113. ^ MYCO 004 - AdisInsight
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  117. ^ Research programme: monoclonal antibody therapeutics - CounterX Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  118. ^ Research programme: psychedelic and empathogenic compounds subcutaneous - Bexson Biomedical - AdisInsight
  119. ^ Substance-related disorders therapeutics - Tessara Therapeutics/Xylo Bio/University of Sydney - AdisInsight
  120. ^ VVZ 2471 - AdisInsight
  121. ^ Nicotine orally-dissolving film - NAL Pharma - AdisInsight
  122. ^ AP 002 - AdisInsight
  123. ^ AP 005 - AdisInsight
  124. ^ Varenicline implant - Shenzhen ScienCare Pharmaceutical - AdisInsight
  125. ^ AD 6626 - AdisInsight
  126. ^ AM 6527 - AdisInsight
  127. ^ Amitifadine - AdisInsight
  128. ^ Arbaclofen extended release - RVL Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  129. ^ BMB 101 - AdisInsight
  130. ^ Bupropion/mecamylamine - Cary Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  131. ^ Cannabidiol - Zynerba Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  132. ^ CM 1212 - AdisInsight
  133. ^ CPP 115 - AdisInsight
  134. ^ CT 044 analogues - CERSCI Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  135. ^ CX 717 - AdisInsight
  136. ^ Cyproheptadine/Prazosin - Kinnov Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  137. ^ DCR AUD - AdisInsight
  138. ^ N N dimethyltryptamine - Entheon Biomedical - AdisInsight
  139. ^ GLWL 01 - AdisInsight
  140. ^ GSK 598809 - AdisInsight
  141. ^ GSK 1521498 - AdisInsight
  142. ^ GTS 21 - AdisInsight
  143. ^ Icalcaprant - Cerevel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  144. ^ Levodopa - Acorda Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  145. ^ Mazindol controlled release - NewcelX - AdisInsight
  146. ^ Methylenedioxymetamfetamine - Mindmed - AdisInsight
  147. ^ Mifepristone - Corcept Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  148. ^ Modafinil oral - D&A Pharma - AdisInsight
  149. ^ Naloxone nasal spray - Adapt Pharma/Opiant Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  150. ^ Nalmefene implant - Titan Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  151. ^ Naloxone gel - Mucodel - AdisInsight
  152. ^ Nicotine abuse vaccine - Independent Pharmaceutica - AdisInsight
  153. ^ CVSI 007 - AdisInsight
  154. ^ Noribogaine derived therapeutic - MindMed/Nextage Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  155. ^ OMS 405 - AdisInsight
  156. ^ Ondansetron - ADial Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  157. ^ Ondansetron/topiramate - AdisInsight
  158. ^ Ondelopran - R-Pharm - AdisInsight
  159. ^ PF 5402536 - AdisInsight
  160. ^ Pomaglumetad methionil - Denovo Biopharma/Eli Lilly and Company - AdisInsight
  161. ^ PPL 103 - AdisInsight
  162. ^ Pregnenolone methyl ether - Mapreg - AdisInsight
  163. ^ Psilocybin - Mydecine Innovations Group - AdisInsight
  164. ^ PT 150 - AdisInsight
  165. ^ Research programme: alcoholism therapeutics - ADial Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  166. ^ Research programme: allosteric modulators - Addex Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  167. ^ Research programme: GPCR modulators - Nxera Pharma - AdisInsight
  168. ^ Research programme: nociceptin receptor agonists - Astraea Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  169. ^ Research programme: smoking cessation therapies - Ophidion - AdisInsight
  170. ^ Research programme: tryptamine based therapeutics - PsyBio Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  171. ^ Saracatinib - AstraZeneca - AdisInsight
  172. ^ SBP 9330 - AdisInsight
  173. ^ SEL 068 - AdisInsight
  174. ^ Serdexmethylphenidate - Zevra Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  175. ^ TRV 734 - AdisInsight
  176. ^ VDM 001 - AdisInsight
  177. ^ Zolunicant - Mindmed - AdisInsight
  178. ^ Dexmedetomidine - BioXcel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  179. ^ Tetrodotoxin - Dogwood therapeutics - AdisInsight
  180. ^ ABT 436 - AdisInsight
  181. ^ Adrogolide - AdisInsight
  182. ^ ADX 629 - AdisInsight
  183. ^ ADX 10061 - AdisInsight
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  185. ^ Anatabine - AdisInsight
  186. ^ ANS 6637 - AdisInsight
  187. ^ Arbaclofen placarbil - Indivior - AdisInsight
  188. ^ ASP 8062 - AdisInsight
  189. ^ Aticaprant - Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine - AdisInsight
  190. ^ Azasetron - AdisInsight
  191. ^ AZD 4041 - AdisInsight
  192. ^ Baclofen/samidorphan - AdisInsight
  193. ^ Befloxatone - AdisInsight
  194. ^ BP 897 - AdisInsight
  195. ^ BR 9003 - AdisInsight
  196. ^ BTRX 246040 - AdisInsight
  197. ^ Buprenorphine/naloxone - National Resilience - AdisInsight
  198. ^ Buprenorphine/samidorphan - Alkermes - AdisInsight
  199. ^ Synthetic cannabidiol - Benuvia Therapeutics/Radius Health - AdisInsight
  200. ^ CVL 936 - AdisInsight
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