Pristimantis
| Pristimantis | |
|---|---|
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| Pristimantis cruentus | |
| Classificação científica | |
| Reino: | Animalia |
| Filo: | Chordata |
| Classe: | Amphibia |
| Ordem: | Anura |
| Família: | Strabomantidae |
| Subfamília: | Pristimantinae |
| Gênero: | Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870[1] |
Pristimantis é um gênero de anfíbios da família Craugastoridae. Ocorre de Honduras através da América Central até a Colômbia, Equador, Peru, Bolívia, norte da Argentina e Brasil; também ocorre nas Guianas, Trinidad e Tobago e Granada.[2] As espécies desse gênero não possuem desenvolvimento larval aquático, tendo os ovos depositados no solo da floresta.[3]
Nomenclatura e taxonomia
O gênero foi descrito por Marcos Jiménez de la Espada em 1870.[4] Em 1882, George Albert Boulenger considerou-o como sinônimo do Hylodes.[5] James Arthur Peters, em 1955, o removeu da sinonímia de Hylodes e o considerou como sinônimo de Eleutherodactylus.[6] Em 2007, uma análise filogenética molecular demonstrou a parafilia de Eleutherodactylus restaurando Pristimantis como gênero distinto.[7] Existem divergências na sua classificação em família, pois alguns pesquisadores o classifica como integrante da família Craugastoridae, na subfamília Ceuthomantinae,[2] enquanto outros o mantém na família Strabomantidae, na subfamília Strabomantinae.[8]
Espécies
As seguintes espécies são reconhecidas:[2]
- Pristimantis aaptus (Lynch and Lescure, 1980)
- Pristimantis abakapa Rojas-Runjaic, Salerno, Señaris & Pauly, 2013
- Pristimantis academicus Lehr, Moravec & Gagliardi-Urrutia, 2010
- Pristimantis acatallelus (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1983)
- Pristimantis acerus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis achatinus (Boulenger, 1898)
- Pristimantis actinolaimus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis actites (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis acuminatus (Shreve, 1935)
- Pristimantis acutirostris (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis adiastolus Duellman and Hedges, 2007
- Pristimantis adnus Crawford, Ryan & Jaramillo, 2010
- Pristimantis aemulatus (Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis affinis (Werner, 1899)
- Pristimantis afrox Reyes-Puig, Yánez-Muñoz, Ortega & Ron, 2020
- Pristimantis alalocophus (Roa-Trujillo and Ruiz-Carranza, 1991)
- Pristimantis albericoi (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1996)
- Pristimantis albertus Duellman and Hedges, 2007
- Pristimantis albujai Brito-M., Batallas-R. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2017
- Pristimantis alius Cuellar-Valencia, Arriaga-Jaramillo, García-Gómez, Ceballaos-Castro, Bolívar-García, Velásquez-Trujillo, Ortiz-Baez & Ospina-Sarria, 2021
- Pristimantis allpapuyu Yánez-Muñoz, Sánchez-Nivicela & Reyes-Puig, 2016
- Pristimantis almendariz Brito-M. and Pozo-Zamora, 2013
- Pristimantis altae (Dunn, 1942)
- Pristimantis altamazonicus (Barbour and Dunn, 1921)
- Pristimantis altamnis Elmer and Cannatella, 2008
- Pristimantis amaguanae Ron, Carrión, Caminer, Sagredo, Navarrete, Ortega, Varela-Jaramillo, Vidal-Maldonado & Terán, 2020
- Pristimantis ameliae Barrio-Amorós, 2012
- Pristimantis amydrotus (Duellman and Lehr, 2007)
- Pristimantis andinodiabolus Sánchez-Nivicela, Urgilés, Cedeño-Palacios, Abad-Peñafiel & Guayasamin, 2021
- Pristimantis andinogigas Yánez-Muñoz, Veintimilla-Yánez, Batallas-R. & Cisneros-Heredia, 2019
- Pristimantis andinognomus Lehr and Coloma, 2008
- Pristimantis anemerus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis angustilineatus (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis aniptopalmatus (Duellman and Hedges, 2005)
- Pristimantis anolirex (Lynch, 1983)
- Pristimantis anotis (Walker and Test, 1955)
- Pristimantis antisuyu Catenazzi and Lehr, 2018
- Pristimantis apiculatus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis appendiculatus (Werner, 1894)
- Pristimantis aquilonaris Lehr, Aguilar, Siu-Ting & Jordán, 2007
- Pristimantis ardalonychus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis ardilae Acevedo-Rincón, Armesto & Palma, 2020
- Pristimantis ardyae Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig & Yánez-Muñoz, 2013
- Pristimantis ashaninka Lehr and Moravec, 2017
- Pristimantis astralos Lehr, Lyu & Catenazzi, 2021
- Pristimantis atillo Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis atrabracus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis atratus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis attenboroughi Lehr and von May, 2017
- Pristimantis aurantiguttatus (Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis aureolineatus (Guayasamin, Ron, Cisneros-Heredia, Lamar & McCracken, 2006)
- Pristimantis aureoventris Kok, Means & Bossuyt, 2011
- Pristimantis auricarens (Myers and Donnelly, 2008)
- Pristimantis avicuporum (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis avius (Myers and Donnelly, 1997)
- Pristimantis bacchus (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis baiotis (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis balionotus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis bambu Arteaga-Navarro and Guayasamin, 2011
- Pristimantis barrigai Brito and Almendáriz C., 2018
- Pristimantis baryecuus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis batrachites (Lynch, 2003)
- Pristimantis bearsei (Duellman, 1992)
- Pristimantis bellae Reyes-Puig and Yánez-Muñoz, 2012
- Pristimantis bellator Lehr, Aguilar, Siu-Ting & Jordán, 2007
- Pristimantis bellona (Lynch, 1992)
- Pristimantis bernali (Lynch, 1986)
- Pristimantis bicantus Guayasamin and Funk, 2009
- Pristimantis bicolor (Rueda-Almonacid and Lynch, 1983)
- Pristimantis bicumulus (Peters, 1863)
- Pristimantis bipunctatus (Duellman and Hedges, 2005)
- Pristimantis boconoensis (Rivero and Mayorga, 1973)
- Pristimantis bogotensis (Peters, 1863)
- Pristimantis boucephalus Lehr, Moravec, Cusi & Gvoždík, 2017
- Pristimantis boulengeri (Lynch, 1981)
- Pristimantis bounides Lehr, von May, Moravec & Cusi, 2017
- Pristimantis bowara Acevedo-Rincón, Armesto & Palma, 2020
- Pristimantis brevicrus (Andersson, 1945)
- Pristimantis brevifrons (Lynch, 1981)
- Pristimantis briceni (Boulenger, 1903)
- Pristimantis bromeliaceus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis buccinator (Rodriguez, 1994)
- Pristimantis buckleyi (Boulenger, 1882)
- Pristimantis buenaventura Arteaga-Navarro, Pyron, Peñafiel, Romero-Barreto, Culebras, Bustamante, Yánez-Muñoz & Guayasamin, 2016
- Pristimantis bustamante Chaparro, Motta, Gutiérrez & Padial, 2012
- Pristimantis cabrerai (Cochran and Goin, 1970)
- Pristimantis cacao (Lynch, 1992)
- Pristimantis caeruleonotus Lehr, Aguilar, Siu-Ting & Jordán, 2007
- Pristimantis cajamarcensis (Barbour and Noble, 1920)
- Pristimantis cajanuma Urgilés, Székely, Székely, Christodoulides, Sánchez-Nivicela & Savage, 2019
- Pristimantis calcaratus (Boulenger, 1908)
- Pristimantis calcarulatus (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis calima Ospina-Sarria and Duellman, 2019
- Pristimantis caniari Rámírez-Jaramillo, Reyes-Puig, Batallas-R. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2018
- Pristimantis cantitans (Myers and Donnelly, 1996)
- Pristimantis capitonis (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis caprifer (Lynch, 1977)
- Pristimantis carlosceroni Valencia, Bejarano-Muñoz & Yánez-Muñoz, 2013
- Pristimantis carlossanchezi (Arroyo, 2007)
- Pristimantis carmelitae (Ruthven, 1922)
- Pristimantis carranguerorum (Lynch, 1994)
- Pristimantis carvalhoi (Lutz, 1952)
- Pristimantis caryophyllaceus (Barbour, 1928)
- Pristimantis cedros Hutter and Guayasamin, 2015
- Pristimantis celator (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis cerasinus (Cope, 1875)
- Pristimantis ceuthospilus (Duellman and Wild, 1993)
- Pristimantis chalceus (Peters, 1873)
- Pristimantis chamezensis Acosta-Galvis, Saldarriaga-Gómez, Ramírez & Vargas-Ramírez, 2020
- Pristimantis charlottevillensis (Kaiser, Dwyer, Feichtinger & Schmid, 1995)
- Pristimantis chiastonotus (Lynch and Hoogmoed, 1977)
- Pristimantis chimu Lehr, 2007
- Pristimantis chloronotus (Lynch, 1969)
- Pristimantis chocoensis Reyes-Puig, Yánez-Muñoz, Ortega & Ron, 2020
- Pristimantis chomskyi Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis chrysops (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1996)
- Pristimantis churuwiai Brito-M., Batallas-R. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2017
- Pristimantis cisnerosi Reyes-Puig, Yánez-Muñoz, Ortega & Ron, 2020
- Pristimantis citriogaster (Duellman, 1992)
- Pristimantis colodactylus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis colomai (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis colonensis (Mueses-Cisneros, 2007)
- Pristimantis colostichos (La Marca and Smith, 1982)
- Pristimantis condor (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis conservatio Barrio-Amorós, Heinicke & Hedges, 2013
- Pristimantis conspicillatus (Günther, 1858)
- Pristimantis cordovae (Lehr and Duellman, 2007)
- Pristimantis corniger (Lynch and Suárez-Mayorga, 2003)
- Pristimantis coronatus Lehr and Duellman, 2007
- Pristimantis corrugatus (Duellman, Lehr & Venegas, 2006)
- Pristimantis cosnipatae (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis cremnobates (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis crenunguis (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis cristinae (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1985)
- Pristimantis croceoinguinis (Lynch, 1968)
- Pristimantis crucifer (Boulenger, 1899)
- Pristimantis cruciocularis (Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar & von May, 2006)
- Pristimantis cruentus (Peters, 1873)
- Pristimantis cryophilius (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis cryptomelas (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis cuentasi (Lynch, 2003)
- Pristimantis culatensis (La Marca, 2007)
- Pristimantis cuneirostris (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis curtipes (Boulenger, 1882)
- Pristimantis danae (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis degener (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis deinops (Lynch, 1996)
- Pristimantis delicatus (Ruthven, 1917)
- Pristimantis delius (Duellman and Mendelson, 1995)
- Pristimantis dendrobatoides Means and Savage, 2007
- Pristimantis devillei (Boulenger, 1880)
- Pristimantis deyi Lehr, Gregory & Catenazzi, 2013
- Pristimantis diadematus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875)
- Pristimantis diaphonus (Lynch, 1986)
- Pristimantis diogenes (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1996)
- Pristimantis dissimulatus (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis divnae Lehr and von May, 2009
- Pristimantis dorado Rivera-Correa, Lamadrid-Feris & Crawford, 2016
- Pristimantis dorsopictus (Rivero and Serna, 1988)
- Pristimantis duellmani (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis duende (Lynch, 2001)
- Pristimantis dundeei (Heyer and Muñoz, 1999)
- Pristimantis ecuadorensis Guayasamin, Hutter, Tapia, Culebras, Peñafiel, Pyron, Morochz, Funk & Arteaga-Navarro, 2017
- Pristimantis educatoris Ryan, Lips & Giermakowski, 2010
- Pristimantis elegans (Peters, 1863)
- Pristimantis enigmaticus Ortega-Andrade, Rojas-Soto, Valencia, Espinosa de los Monteros, Morrone, Ron & Cannatella, 2015
- Pristimantis epacrus (Lynch and Suárez-Mayorga, 2000)
- Pristimantis eremitus (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis eriphus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis ernesti (Flores, 1987)
- Pristimantis erythroinguinis Catenazzi and Lehr, 2018, Zootaxa, 4394:
- Pristimantis erythropleura (Boulenger, 1896)
- Pristimantis erythros Sánchez-Nivicela, Celi-Piedra, Posse-Sarmiento, Urgilés, Yánez-Muñoz & Cisneros-Heredia, 2018
- Pristimantis esmeraldas (Guayasamin, 2004)
- Pristimantis espedeus Fouquet, Martinez, Courtois, Dewynter, Pineau, Gaucher, Blanc, Marty & Kok, 2013
- Pristimantis eugeniae (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis euphronides (Schwartz, 1967)
- Pristimantis eurydactylus (Hedges and Schlüter, 1992)
- Pristimantis exoristus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis factiosus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis fallax (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1999)
- Pristimantis farisorum Mueses-Cisneros, Perdomo-Castillo & Cepeda-Quilindo, 2013
- Pristimantis fasciatus Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic & Infante-Rivero, 2008
- Pristimantis fenestratus (Steindachner, 1864)
- Pristimantis ferwerdai Amézquita, Suárez, Palacios-Rodríguez, Beltrán, Rodríguez López, Barrientos, Daza-R. & Mazariegos, 2019
- Pristimantis festae (Peracca, 1904)
- Pristimantis fetosus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis flabellidiscus (La Marca, 2007)
- Pristimantis floridus (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis frater (Werner, 1899)
- Pristimantis gagliardoi Bustamante and Mendelson, 2008
- Pristimantis gaigei (Dunn, 1931)
- Pristimantis galdi Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
- Pristimantis ganonotus (Duellman and Lynch, 1988)
- Pristimantis geminus Kaiser, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas-Fuenmayor, Steinlein & Schmid, 2015
- Pristimantis gentryi (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis ginesi (Rivero, 1964)
- Pristimantis giorgii Oliveira, Alves da Silva, Guimarães, Penhacek, Martínez, Rodrigues, Santana & Hernández-Ruz, 2020
- Pristimantis gladiator (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis glandulosus (Boulenger, 1880)
- Pristimantis gloria Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis gracilis (Lynch, 1986)
- Pristimantis gralarias Guayasamin, Arteaga-Navarro & Hutter, 2018
- Pristimantis grandiceps (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis gretathunbergae Mebert, González-Pinzón, Miranda, Griffith, Vesely, Schmid & Batista, 2022
- Pristimantis gryllus Barrio-Amorós, Guayasamin & Hedges, 2012
- Pristimantis guaiquinimensis (Schlüter and Rödder, 2007)
- Pristimantis gualacenio Urgilés, Sánchez-Nivicela, Nieves & Yánez-Muñoz, 2014
- Pristimantis gutturalis (Hoogmoed, Lynch & Lescure, 1977)
- Pristimantis hamiotae (Flores, 1994)
- Pristimantis hampatusami Yánez-Muñoz, Sánchez-Nivicela & Reyes-Puig, 2016
- Pristimantis hectus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis helvolus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis hernandezi (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1983)
- Pristimantis hoogmoedi Kaiser, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas-Fuenmayor, Steinlein & Schmid, 2015
- Pristimantis huicundo (Guayasamin, Almeida-Reinoso & Nogales-Sornosa, 2004)
- Pristimantis humboldti Lehr, von May, Moravec & Cusi, 2017
- Pristimantis hybotragus (Lynch, 1992)
- Pristimantis ignicolor (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis iiap Padial, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Chaparro & Gutiérrez, 2016
- Pristimantis illotus (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis imitatrix (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis imthurni Kok, 2013
- Pristimantis incanus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis incertus (Lutz, 1927)
- Pristimantis incomptus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis infraguttatus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis ingles Cuellar-Valencia, Arriaga-Jaramillo, García-Gómez, Ceballaos-Castro, Bolívar-García, Velásquez-Trujillo, Ortiz-Baez & Ospina-Sarria, 2021
- Pristimantis inguinalis (Parker, 1940)
- Pristimantis insignitus (Ruthven, 1917)
- Pristimantis inusitatus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis ixalus (Lynch, 2003)
- Pristimantis jabonensis (La Marca, 2007)
- Pristimantis jaguensis Rivera-Prieto, Rivera-Correa & Daza-R., 2014
- Pristimantis jaimei (Lynch, 1992)
- Pristimantis jamescameroni Kok, 2013
- Pristimantis jester Means and Savage, 2007
- Pristimantis jimenezi Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis johannesdei (Rivero and Serna, 1988)
- Pristimantis jorgevelosai (Lynch, 1994)
- Pristimantis juanchoi (Lynch, 1996)
- Pristimantis jubatus (García and Lynch, 2006)
- Pristimantis kareliae (La Marca, 2005)
- Pristimantis katoptroides (Flores, 1988)
- Pristimantis kelephus (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis kichwarum Elmer and Cannatella, 2008
- Pristimantis kirklandi (Flores, 1985)
- Pristimantis koehleri Padial and De la Riva, 2009
- Pristimantis kuri Yánez-Muñoz, Sánchez-Nivicela & Reyes-Puig, 2016
- Pristimantis labiosus (Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1994)
- Pristimantis lacrimosus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875)
- Pristimantis lancinii (Donoso-Barros, 1965)
- Pristimantis lanthanites (Lynch, 1975)
- Pristimantis lasalleorum (Lynch, 1995)
- Pristimantis latericius Batallas-R. and Brito-M., 2014
- Pristimantis laticlavius (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis latidiscus (Boulenger, 1898)
- Pristimantis latro Oliveira, Rodrigues, Kaefer, Pinto & Hernández-Ruz, 2017
- Pristimantis ledzeppelin Brito-Zapata and Reyes-Puig, 2021
- Pristimantis lemur (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis leoni (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis leopardus Rivera-Correa, Jiménez-Rivillas & Daza-R., 2017
- Pristimantis leptolophus (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis leucopus (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis leucorrhinus Boano, Mazzotti & Sindaco, 2008
- Pristimantis librarius (Flores and Vigle, 1994)
- Pristimantis lichenoides (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1997)
- Pristimantis limoncochensis Ortega-Andrade, Rojas-Soto, Valencia, Espinosa de los Monteros, Morrone, Ron & Cannatella, 2015
- Pristimantis lindae (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis lirellus (Dwyer, 1995)
- Pristimantis lividus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis llanganati Navarrete, Venegas & Ron, 2016
- Pristimantis llojsintuta (Köhler and Lötters, 1999)
- Pristimantis longicorpus Kaiser, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas-Fuenmayor, Steinlein & Schmid, 2015
- Pristimantis loujosti Yánez-Muñoz, Cisneros-Heredia & Reyes-Puig, 2011
- Pristimantis loustes (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis lucasi Duellman and Chaparro, 2008
- Pristimantis lucidosignatus Rödder and Schmitz, 2009
- Pristimantis luscombei (Duellman and Mendelson, 1995)
- Pristimantis luteolateralis (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis lutitus (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis lutzae Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis lymani (Barbour and Noble, 1920)
- Pristimantis lynchi (Duellman and Simmons, 1977)
- Pristimantis lythrodes (Lynch and Lescure, 1980)
- Pristimantis macrummendozai Acosta-Galvis, 2015
- Pristimantis maculosus (Lynch, 1991)
- Pristimantis malkini (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis mallii Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Velarde-Garcéz, Dávalos, Mancero, Navarrete, Yánez-Muñoz, Cisneros-Heredia & Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis marahuaka (Fuentes-Ramos and Barrio-Amorós, 2004)
- Pristimantis marcoreyesi Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Rámirez-Jaramillo, Pérez-L. & Yánez-Munoz, 2015 "2014".
- Pristimantis mariaelenae Venegas and Duellman, 2012
- Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900)
- Pristimantis mars (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1996)
- Pristimantis martiae (Lynch, 1974)
- Pristimantis matidiktyo Ortega-Andrade and Valencia, 2012
- Pristimantis matildae Székely, Eguiguren, Ordóñez-Delgado, Armijos-Ojeda & Székely, 2020
- Pristimantis mazar Guayasamin and Arteaga-Navarro, 2013
- Pristimantis medemi (Lynch, 1994)
- Pristimantis megalops (Ruthven, 1917)
- Pristimantis melanogaster (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis melanoproctus (Rivero, 1984)
- Pristimantis memorans (Myers and Donnelly, 1997)
- Pristimantis mendax (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis meridionalis (Lehr and Duellman, 2007)
- Pristimantis merostictus (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis metabates (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis miktos Ortego-Andrade and Venegas, 2014
- Pristimantis mindo Arteaga-Navarro, Yáñez-Muñoz & Guayasamin, 2013
- Pristimantis minimus Terán-Valdez and Guayasamin, 2010
- Pristimantis minutulus Duellman and Hedges, 2007
- Pristimantis miyatai (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis mnionaetes (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis moa Oliveira, Alves da Silva, Guimarães, Penhacek, Martínez, Rodrigues, Santana & Hernández-Ruz, 2020
- Pristimantis modipeplus (Lynch, 1981)
- Pristimantis molybrignus (Lynch, 1986)
- Pristimantis mondolfii (Rivero, 1984)
- Pristimantis moro (Savage, 1965)
- Pristimantis muchimuk Barrio-Amorós, Mesa, Brewer-Carías & McDiarmid, 2010
- Pristimantis multicolor Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis munozi Rojas-Runjaic, Delgado C. & Guayasamin, 2014
- Pristimantis muranunka Brito M., Almendariz-C., Batallas R. & Ron, 2017
- Pristimantis muricatus (Lynch and Miyata, 1980)
- Pristimantis muscosus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis museosus (Ibáñez, Jaramillo & Arosemena, 1994)
- Pristimantis mutabilis Guayasamin, Krynak, Krynak, Culebras & Hutter, 2015
- Pristimantis myersi (Goin and Cochran, 1963)
- Pristimantis myops (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis nangaritza Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis nankints Ron, Carrión, Caminer, Sagredo, Navarrete, Ortega, Varela-Jaramillo, Vidal-Maldonado & Terán, 2020
- Pristimantis nebulosus (Henle, 1992)
- Pristimantis nelsongalloi Valencia, Valladares-Suntasig, Tipantiza-Tuguminago & Dueñas, 2019
- Pristimantis nephophilus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis nervicus (Lynch, 1994)
- Pristimantis nicefori (Cochran and Goin, 1970)
- Pristimantis nietoi Arteaga-Navarro, Pyron, Peñafiel, Romero-Barreto, Culebras, Bustamante, Yánez-Muñoz & Guayasamin, 2016
- Pristimantis nigrogriseus (Andersson, 1945)
- Pristimantis nimbus Urgilés, Posse, Timbe, Astudillo & Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017
- Pristimantis nubisilva Kaiser, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas-Fuenmayor, Steinlein & Schmid, 2015
- Pristimantis nyctophylax (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis obmutescens (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis ocellatus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis ockendeni (Boulenger, 1912)
- Pristimantis ocreatus (Lynch, 1981)
- Pristimantis olivaceus (Köhler, Morales, Lötters, Reichle & Aparicio, 1998)
- Pristimantis omeviridis Ortega-Andrade, Rojas-Soto, Valencia, Espinosa de los Monteros, Morrone, Ron & Cannatella, 2015
- Pristimantis onorei Rödder and Schmitz, 2009
- Pristimantis orcesi (Lynch, 1972)
- Pristimantis orcus Lehr, Catenazzi & Rodríguez, 2009
- Pristimantis orestes (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis ornatissimus (Despax, 1911)
- Pristimantis ornatus (Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar & von May, 2006)
- Pristimantis orpacobates (Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1994)
- Pristimantis orphnolaimus (Lynch, 1970)
- Pristimantis ortizi (Guayasamin, Almeida-Reinoso & Nogales-Sornosa, 2004)
- Pristimantis padiali Moravec, Lehr, Perez-Peña, Lopez, Gagliardi-Urrutia & Arista-Tuanama, 2010
- Pristimantis padrecarlosi (Mueses-Cisneros, 2006)
- Pristimantis pahuma Hutter and Guayasamin, 2015
- Pristimantis paisa (Lynch and Ardila-Robayo, 1999)
- Pristimantis palmeri (Boulenger, 1912)
- Pristimantis paquishae Brito-M., Batallas-R. & Velalcázar, 2014
- Pristimantis paramerus (Rivero, 1984)
- Pristimantis pardalinus (Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar & von May, 2006)
- Pristimantis pardalis (Barbour, 1928)
- Pristimantis parectatus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis pariagnomus Kaiser, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas-Fuenmayor, Steinlein & Schmid, 2015
- Pristimantis parvillus (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis pastazensis (Andersson, 1945)
- Pristimantis pataikos (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis paulodutrai (Bokermann, 1975)
- Pristimantis paululus (Lynch, 1974)
- Pristimantis pecki (Duellman and Lynch, 1988)
- Pristimantis pedimontanus (La Marca, 2004)
- Pristimantis penelopus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1999)
- Pristimantis peraticus (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis percnopterus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis percultus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis permixtus (Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1994)
- Pristimantis peruvianus (Melin, 1941)
- Pristimantis petersi (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis petrobardus (Duellman, 1991)
- Pristimantis phalaroinguinis (Duellman and Lehr, 2007)
- Pristimantis phalarus (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis pharangobates (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis philipi (Lynch and Duellman, 1995)
- Pristimantis phoxocephalus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis phragmipleuron (Rivero and Serna, 1988)
- Pristimantis piceus (Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1996)
- Pristimantis pichincha Yánez-Muñoz, Reyes-Puig, Bejarano-Muñoz & Ron, 2016
- Pristimantis pictus Oliveira, Alves da Silva, Guimarães, Penhacek, Martínez, Rodrigues, Santana & Hernández-Ruz, 2020
- Pristimantis pinchaque Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Pérez-L. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2015
- Pristimantis pinguis (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis pirrensis (Ibáñez and Crawford, 2004)
- Pristimantis platychilus (Lynch, 1996)
- Pristimantis platydactylus (Boulenger, 1903)
- Pristimantis pleurostriatus (Rivero, 1984)
- Pristimantis pluvialis Shepack, von May, Ttito & Catenazzi, 2016
- Pristimantis pluvian Oliveira, Alves da Silva, Guimarães, Penhacek, Martínez, Rodrigues, Santana & Hernández-Ruz, 2020
- Pristimantis polemistes (Lynch and Ardila-Robayo, 2004)
- Pristimantis polychrus (Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis prolatus (Lynch and Duellman, 1980)
- Pristimantis proserpens (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis pruinatus (Myers and Donnelly, 1996)
- Pristimantis pseudoacuminatus (Shreve, 1935)
- Pristimantis pteridophilus (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis ptochus (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis pugnax (Lynch, 1973)
- Pristimantis puipui Lehr, von May, Moravec & Cusi, 2017
- Pristimantis pulchridormientes Chávez and Catenazzi, 2016
- Pristimantis pulvinatus (Rivero, 1968)
- Pristimantis punzan Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Rámirez-Jaramillo, Pérez-L. & Yánez-Munoz, 2015 "2014"
- Pristimantis puruscafeum Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Rámirez-Jaramillo, Pérez-L. & Yánez-Munoz, 2015 "2014".
- Pristimantis pycnodermis (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis pyrrhomerus (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis quantus (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis quaquaversus (Lynch, 1974)
- Pristimantis quicato Ospina-Sarria, Méndez-Narváez, Burbano-Yandi & Bolívar-García, 2011
- Pristimantis quinquagesimus (Lynch and Trueb, 1980)
- Pristimantis quintanai Urgilés, Székely, Székely, Christodoulides, Sánchez-Nivicela & Savage, 2019
- Pristimantis racemus (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis ramagii (Boulenger, 1888)
- Pristimantis reclusus (Lynch, 2003)
- Pristimantis reichlei Padial and De la Riva, 2009
- Pristimantis renjiforum (Lynch, 2000)
- Pristimantis repens (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis restrepoi (Lynch, 1996)
- Pristimantis reticulatus (Walker and Test, 1955)
- Pristimantis rhabdocnemus (Duellman and Hedges, 2005)
- Pristimantis rhabdolaemus (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis rhigophilus (La Marca, 2007)
- Pristimantis rhodoplichus (Duellman and Wild, 1993)
- Pristimantis rhodostichus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis ridens (Cope, 1866)
- Pristimantis rivasi Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic & Barros, 2010
- Pristimantis riveroi (Lynch and La Marca, 1993)
- Pristimantis riveti (Despax, 1911)
- Pristimantis romanorum Yánez-Muñoz, Meza-Ramos, Cisneros-Heredia & Reyes-Puig, 2011
- Pristimantis romeroae Ron, Carrión, Caminer, Sagredo, Navarrete, Ortega, Varela-Jaramillo, Vidal-Maldonado & Terán, 2020
- Pristimantis roni Yanez-Munoz, Bejarano-Munoz, Brito-M. & Batallas-R., 2014
- Pristimantis rosadoi (Flores, 1988)
- Pristimantis roseus (Boulenger, 1918)
- Pristimantis royi (Morales, 2007)
- Pristimantis rozei (Rivero, 1961)
- Pristimantis rubicundus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875)
- Pristimantis ruedai (Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis rufioculis (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis rufoviridis Valencia, Yánez-Muñoz, Betancourt-Yépez, Terán-Valdez & Guayasamin, 2011
- Pristimantis ruidus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis rupicola Taucce, Nascimento, Trevisan, Leite, Santana, Haddad & Napoli, 2020
- Pristimantis ruthveni (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1985)
- Pristimantis sacharuna Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Pérez-L. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2015
- Pristimantis sagittulus (Lehr, Aguilar & Duellman, 2004)
- Pristimantis salaputium (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis saltissimus Means and Savage, 2007
- Pristimantis samaipatae (Köhler and Jungfer, 1995)
- Pristimantis samaniegoi Székely, Eguiguren, Ordóñez-Delgado, Armijos-Ojeda & Székely, 2020
- Pristimantis sambalan Brito-M., Batallas-R. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2017
- Pristimantis sanctaemartae (Ruthven, 1917)
- Pristimantis sanguineus (Lynch, 1998)
- Pristimantis sarisarinama Barrio-Amorós and Brewer-Carias, 2008
- Pristimantis satagius (Lynch, 1995)
- Pristimantis saturninoi Brito-M., Batallas-R. & Yánez-Muñoz, 2017
- Pristimantis savagei (Pyburn and Lynch, 1981)
- Pristimantis schultei (Duellman, 1990)
- Pristimantis scitulus (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis scoloblepharus (Lynch, 1991)
- Pristimantis scolodiscus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis scopaeus (Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1996)
- Pristimantis seorsus Lehr, 2007
- Pristimantis serendipitus (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)
- Pristimantis shrevei (Schwartz, 1967)
- Pristimantis signifer (Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis silverstonei (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1996)
- Pristimantis simonbolivari (Wiens and Coloma, 1992)
- Pristimantis simonsii (Boulenger, 1900)
- Pristimantis simoteriscus (Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis simoterus (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis sinschi Moravec, Lehr & Kodejš, 2020
- Pristimantis siopelus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis sira Chávez, García Ayachi & Catenazzi, 2021
- Pristimantis sirnigeli Yánez-Muñoz, Meza-Ramos, Cisneros-Heredia & Reyes-Puig, 2011
- Pristimantis skydmainos (Flores and Rodriguez, 1997)
- Pristimantis sneiderni Ospina-Sarria and Duellman, 2019, Herpetologica, 75:
- Pristimantis sobetes (Lynch, 1980)
- Pristimantis spectabilis Duellman and Chaparro, 2008
- Pristimantis spilogaster (Lynch, 1984)
- Pristimantis spinosus (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis stenodiscus (Walker and Test, 1955)
- Pristimantis sternothylax (Duellman and Wild, 1993)
- Pristimantis stictoboubonus (Duellman, Lehr & Venegas, 2006)
- Pristimantis stictogaster (Duellman and Hedges, 2005)
- Pristimantis stictus González-Durán, 2016
- Pristimantis stipa Venegas and Duellman, 2012
- Pristimantis subsigillatus (Boulenger, 1902)
- Pristimantis suetus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis sulculus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis supernatis (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis surdus (Boulenger, 1882)
- Pristimantis susaguae (Rueda-Almonacid, Lynch & Galvis-Peñuela, 2003)
- Pristimantis taciturnus (Lynch and Suárez-Mayorga, 2003)
- Pristimantis taeniatus (Boulenger, 1912)
- Pristimantis tamsitti (Cochran and Goin, 1970)
- Pristimantis tantanti (Lehr, Torres-Gastello & Suárez-Segovia, 2007)
- Pristimantis tanyrhynchus Lehr, 2007
- Pristimantis tayrona (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1985)
- Pristimantis telefericus (La Marca, 2005)
- Pristimantis tenebrionis (Lynch and Miyata, 1980)
- Pristimantis terrapacis Ospina-Sarria and Angarita-Sierra, 2020
- Pristimantis teslai Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis thectopternus (Lynch, 1975)
- Pristimantis thyellus (La Marca, 2007)
- Pristimantis thymalopsoides (Lynch, 1976)
- Pristimantis thymelensis (Lynch, 1972)
- Pristimantis tiktik Székely, Eguiguren, Székely, Ordóñez-Delgado, Armijos-Ojeda, Riofrîo–Guamán & Cogălniceanu, 2018
- Pristimantis tinajillas Urgilés, Sánchez-Nivicela, Nieves & Yánez-Muñoz, 2014
- Pristimantis tinguichaca Brito-M., Ojala-Barbour, Batallas-R. & Almendáriz C., 2016
- Pristimantis toftae (Duellman, 1978)
- Pristimantis torrenticola (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1998)
- Pristimantis torresi Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis totoroi Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis trachyblepharis (Boulenger, 1918)
- Pristimantis tribulosus (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1997)
- Pristimantis truebae (Lynch and Duellman, 1997)
- Pristimantis tubernasus (Rivero, 1984)
- Pristimantis tungurahua Reyes-Puig, Yánez-Muñoz, Cisneros-Heredia & Ramírez, 2011
- Pristimantis turik Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic & Infante-Rivero, 2008
- Pristimantis turpinorum (Hardy, 2001)
- Pristimantis turumiquirensis (Rivero, 1961)
- Pristimantis uisae (Lynch, 2003)
- Pristimantis unistrigatus (Günther, 1859)
- Pristimantis urani Rivera-Correa and Daza-R., 2016
- Pristimantis uranobates (Lynch, 1991)
- Pristimantis urichi (Boettger, 1894)
- Pristimantis vanadise (La Marca, 1984)
- Pristimantis variabilis (Lynch, 1968)
- Pristimantis veletis (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1997)
- Pristimantis ventrigranulosus Maciel, Vaz-Silva, Oliveira & Padial, 2012
- Pristimantis ventriguttatus Lehr and Köhler, 2007
- Pristimantis ventrimarmoratus (Boulenger, 1912)
- Pristimantis verecundus (Lynch and Burrowes, 1990)
- Pristimantis verrucolatus Páez and Ron, 2019
- Pristimantis versicolor (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis vertebralis (Boulenger, 1886)
- Pristimantis vicarius (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1983)
- Pristimantis vidua (Lynch, 1979)
- Pristimantis viejas (Lynch and Rueda-Almonacid, 1999)
- Pristimantis vilarsi (Melin, 1941)
- Pristimantis vilcabambae Lehr, 2007
- Pristimantis vinhai (Bokermann, 1975)
- Pristimantis viridicans (Lynch, 1977)
- Pristimantis viridis (Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997)
- Pristimantis w-nigrum (Boettger, 1892)
- Pristimantis wagteri (Venegas, 2007)
- Pristimantis walkeri (Lynch, 1974)
- Pristimantis waoranii (McCracken, Forstner & Dixon, 2007)
- Pristimantis wiensi (Duellman and Wild, 1993)
- Pristimantis xeniolum (Lynch, 2001)
- Pristimantis xestus (Lynch, 1995)
- Pristimantis xylochobates (Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza, 1996)
- Pristimantis yanezi Navarrete, Venegas & Ron, 2016
- Pristimantis yantzaza Valencia, Dueñas, Székely, Batallas-R. & Pulluquitín, 2017
- Pristimantis yaviensis (Myers and Donnelly, 1996)
- Pristimantis yukpa Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic & Infante-Rivero, 2008
- Pristimantis yumbo Yánez-Muñoz, Meza-Ramos, Cisneros-Heredia & Reyes-Puig, 2011
- Pristimantis yuruaniensis Rödder and Jungfer, 2008
- Pristimantis yustizi (Barrio-Amorós and Chacón-Ortiz, 2004)
- Pristimantis zeuctotylus (Lynch and Hoogmoed, 1977)
- Pristimantis zimmermanae (Heyer and Hardy, 1991)
- Pristimantis zoilae (Mueses-Cisneros, 2007)
- Pristimantis zophus (Lynch and Ardila-Robayo, 1999)
- Pristimantis zorro Rivera-Correa and Daza-R., 2020
Referências
- ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2021). «Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Consultado em 18 de junho de 2021
- 1 2 3 Frost, D.R. (2014). «Pristimantis». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Consultado em 23 de junho de 2015
- ↑ Uetanabaro, Masao (2008). Guia de Campo de Anuros do Pantanal e Planaltos do Entorno. Campo Grande, MS: UFMS. p. 53. ISBN 978-85-7613-135-9
- ↑ Jiménez de la Espada, M. (1870). «Fauna neotropicalis species quaedam nondum cognitae». Jornal de Sciências, Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes. Lisboa. 3: 57–65
- ↑ Boulenger, G.A. (1882). Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the Collection of the British Museum 2 ed. Londres: Taylor and Francis
- ↑ Peters, J.A. (1955). «Herpetological type localities in Ecuador». Revista Ecuatoriana de Entomología y Parasitología. 2: 335–352
- ↑ Heinicke, M.P.; Duellman, W.E.; Hedges, S.B. (2007). «Major Caribbean and Central American frog faunas originated by ancient oceanic dispersal». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104: 10092–10097
- ↑ «Strabomantidae». Amphibiaweb. Consultado em 25 de março de 2017
Etimologia
O nome do gênero é derivado do grego πρίστις (serrilhado) eμάντις(sapo arbóreo).
Taxonomia e evolução
A classificação desse gênero variou muito. Pristimantis foi por muito tempo incluído no grande gênero Eleutherodactylus, e considerado parte da família Leptodactylidae. Atualmente, o gênero é classificado na família Strabomantidae ou Craugastoridae
Esse gênero foi estabelecido em 1870 com a descrição de Pristimantis galdi. Foi classificado sob sinonímia com Hylodes em 1882. Em 1955, foi modificado sob sinonímia com Eleutherodactylus junto de diversos outros gêneros. Em 2007, foi removido do gênero por conta de evidencias com base molecular

Em fevereiro de 2026, existiam 626 espécies Pristimantis reconhecidas, com novas espécies sendo descritas regularmente e o número de espécies descobertas aumentando anualmente nos últimos 50 anos. Apenas no ano de 2025 houve a descrição de 10 novas espécies. Isso torna o gênero um dos grupos de vertebrados mais diversos. A maior diversidade de espécies pode ser encontrada no norte dos Andes, na América do Sul (encostas orientais do Equador)
História evolutiva
Esse gênero divergiu aproximadamente há 37 millhões de anos durante o Eoceno. Com isso, o gênero passou por uma diversificação explosiva há cerca de 24 milhões de anos durante o Oligoceno. [1]
- ↑ Heinicke, Matthew P.; Duellman, William E.; Hedges, S. Blair (12 de junho de 2007). «Major Caribbean and Central American frog faunas originated by ancient oceanic dispersal». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (24): 10092–10097. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1891260
. PMID 17548823. doi:10.1073/pnas.0611051104
